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FOUND 637
This Handbook is a tool for extending the reach of effective responses to HIV/AIDS where they are needed most. There are over 40 million PLHA in the world today, and 95 percent live in resource-constrained countries. Until and unless the impact of AIDS is reduced, these countries face little prospect of building a more secure and prosperous future. The Handbook emphasizes crosscutting issues such as gender, human rights, capacity building,…
An important component of HIV voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) programs is encouraging clients to inform partners of their serostatus. Yet many clients do not disclose results to partners. Studies have found that a serious barrier to disclosure of status for women is fear of a violent reaction by male partners. Also, HIV-infected women are at an increased risk for partner violence. Building on previous research, this study explored…
From June 25-27, 2001, the United Nations held the first ever General Assembly Special Session (UNGASS) to address the HIV/AIDS pandemic. The Special Session addressed the pandemic not only as a global public health issue, but also as a looming development and security crisis requiring a multi-sector, multi-front strategy. This Declaration of Commitment, adopted by the General Assembly during the UNGASS on HIV/AIDS, outlines the United…
An intervention that addresses mother-to-child transmission of HIV is complex, yet it is one of the few biomedical interventions currently available for reducing the transmission of HIV that is feasible and affordable in resource-constrained settings. This article highlights selected findings from research in Botswana and Zambia and provides guidelines for ensuring community involvement in programs.
At its 45th session held in 2001, the United Nations Commission on the Status of Women focused on the thematic issue of women, the girl child and human immuno-deficiency virus/acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS). This report includes the Agreed Conclusions of the Commission on this thematic issue. Additional documents relating to the Commission's 45th Session regarding women, the girl child, and HIV/AIDS can be accessed on-line…
The objective of this code is to provide a set of guidelines to address the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the world of work and within the framework of the promotion of decent work. The guidelines cover the following key areas of action: (a) prevention of HIV/AIDS; (b) management and mitigation of the impact of HIV/AIDS on the world of work; (c) care and support of workers infected and affected by HIV/AIDS; and (d) elimination of stigma and…
Human security presumes freedom from want and from fear, as well as access to and control of resources and opportunities. The basic elements of human security include survival, safety, opportunity, dignity, agency and autonomy. These preconditions for human security are essential in reducing vulnerability to HIV infection and its impact. However, gender differences and inequalities affect the extent to which men and women, boys and girls…
HIV/AIDS requires a gender-specific response. This manual has been prepared in response to this need and aims to help trainers enhance their understanding about the gender dimensions of HIV/AIDS. This manual shows that neither AIDS nor gender disparities are unbeatable. It draws on more than a decade’s experience from the field, building on the lessons learned and analysing and synthesising them within the conceptual framework of gender and…
Promundo's Program H stimulates young men to analyze traditional gender roles and norms associated with masculinity, challenging them to consider the advantages of gender equitable behaviors. The program consists of educational workshops, lifestyle campaigns, innovative approaches to attracting young men to health facilities, and a culturally sensitive impact evaluation methodology. The workshops draw on 5 training manuals which aim to support…
The United Nations Economic Commission for Africa, in partnership with UNAIDS and other co-sponsors, organized the African Development Forum, which took place at the United Nations Conference Centre in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, from 3 to 7 December 2000. The Forum's purpose was to address and heighten awareness of crucial aspects in the fight against HIV/AIDS, such as political will and leadership, adequate resources and multisectoral…
This report is a summary of the Day of Dialogue which was held to provide representatives of concerned women's organizations, HIV/AIDS organizations; reproductive health organizations and others with the opportunity to focus on Women and HIV/AIDS prevention. This report was prepared by the Commonwealth Medical Association (CMA) to allow the findings of the Day to be considered at the Expert Group Meeting on the HIV /AIDS Pandemic and its…
This paper prioritizes five main dimensions of women's access to Microbicide use including: 1. Acceptability and use; 2. Supportive policy and social environment; 3. availability; 4. Affordability; and 5. Regulatory approval and licensing. It is written from the user's perspective and contains background information, goals, objectives, and activities for each dimension.
This publication provides an introduction to the subject of men and HIV/AIDS in relation to the work of UNFPA, carried out in partnership with UN agencies, governments and civil society organizations at all levels. As action intensifies, it will be important to recognize the positive and caring behaviour of many men, who do practise safe sex, treat women as equals, behave in non-violent ways and share in family care-giving. It will also be…
This paper examines women and youth in the context of HIV/AIDS in Kazakhstan. Contents include background information on the country and the epidemiological situation with respect to HIV infection. Additionally, topics such as drug use, sexual behavior, prevention policy, and the role of public and private organizations are addressed.
A growing number of studies have documented the high prevalence of intimate partner violence and sexual violence against women worldwide. This violence can and does contribute to women's increased risk of HIV infection. However, questions remain about the connections and complexities between different forms of violence against women (VAW) and HIV/AIDS. Further research is needed to understand exactly how these two areas overlap and the…
The Female Health Company has developed the "Female Condom Programming Kit" to help policy makers, programme managers, donors and NGOs design, implement and monitor successful programmes. The Kit provides background information and research, lessons learned from existing projects, support materials and examples of good practices from international experiences to date.
Asia is a continent of diverse people speaking hundreds of languages and subscribing to different cultures, beliefs and religions. The tremendous diversity in Asia makes generalization about HIV/AIDS meaningless as it prevents understanding the specificity of the spread of HIV in the local social context, and the cultural sensitivity that renders strategies effective in one setting but useless in another. Against the background of such…
This report is envisaged as a tool to stimulate common understanding of the nature and dimensions of HIV/AIDS advocacy, and as a framework for joint action by UNFPA/UNAIDS and their partners at the international, regional, sub-regional and national levels. It can also be the basis for building consensus about priority advocacy activities in the light of the realities of HIV/AIDS challenges and necessary responses in particular settings. The…
These Briefing Cards include a summary highlighting the program's commitment to action, related program issues, and areas for action on topics that include: a rights-based approach, life cycle approach, violence against women, safe motherhood, unwanted pregnancy, unsafe abortion, adolescent sexual and reproductive health, STDs/HIV/AIDS, and fertility and population growth.Article can also be accessed on-line here in Spanish PDF format.
The full report investigates women's status in the context of globalization from the mid 1980s through the late 1990s. The report shows that only eight nations have successfully met global agreements to achieve both gender equality in secondary education enrollment and at least a 30 per cent share of women's seats in parliament. This document is an extract from Chapter One of the report, which focuses on Empowerment and Economics. Although…