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Tool
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FOUND 627
An important component of HIV voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) programs is encouraging clients to inform partners of their serostatus. Yet many clients do not disclose results to partners. Studies have found that a serious barrier to disclosure of status for women is fear of a violent reaction by male partners. Also, HIV-infected women are at an increased risk for partner violence. Building on previous research, this study explored…
This document highlights key points for global advocacy around the issue of microbicides, particularly for HIV positive women. Women living with HIV face the challenges of the epidemic daily, and offer a unique perspective on the broad impact microbicides could have in their lives.
This Handbook is a tool for extending the reach of effective responses to HIV/AIDS where they are needed most. There are over 40 million PLHA in the world today, and 95 percent live in resource-constrained countries. Until and unless the impact of AIDS is reduced, these countries face little prospect of building a more secure and prosperous future. The Handbook emphasizes crosscutting issues such as gender, human rights, capacity building,…
The Continuum is a tool to investigate how gender responsive an organization's HIV/AIDS services and prevention programs are and whether they utilize a rights-based approach to sexual and reproductive health. Programs that fall to the left of the Continuum are ripe for a substantial overhaul while programs that fall in the middle are moving in the gender-sensitive direction and would benefit from an internal commitment to continue growth in this…
This report describes a research project conducted in India which emphasizes forms and determinants of HIV/AIDS-related discrimination, stigmatization, and denial. It offers an account of how DSD operates, and what causes it, in a range of contexts in two contrasting regions. The report provides a discussion of the gendered nature of HIV-related discrimination, and finds that there was clear evidence that the HIV/AIDS-related discrimination…
This paper presents an overview of information on socio-economic and gender inequalities in the knowledge of HIV/AIDS prevention. The information, based on an analysis of household data collected by the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) program, concerning poor-rich coverage and gender differences for twenty-three countries, focuses primarily in Sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean. The findings suggest that knowledge of HIV/…
This report is a compilation of a number of innovative and promising interventions in the field of HIV/AIDS prevention at the international, regional, and local levels. It contains a section entitled "What works with Women and Men?", which discusses the gender dimensions of HIV prevention initiatives and includes case studies from Namibia, Jamaica, Honduras, Brazil, Uganda and Zambia.
"Living for Tomorrow" is a development and research HIV prevention project based in Estonia, targeting young people and the difficulties faced by educators in actively involving youth in safe sexual behavior. Its approach is to build sexual health awareness while looking at how gender norms in society actually dictate and produce unsafe and damaging sexual relations between men and women.
FAS organized a workshop on the theme "Linking AIDS to Women's Peace Advocacy" from April 3-7, 2000. The workshop took place at the OAU Conflict Management Center in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. It drew together women from Africa to consider the issues of gender and HIV/AIDS in peace advocacy in the continent. The publication explores the nature of the epidemic and the lessons that can be learned from the workshop.
Individuals interested in youth development are considering programs that integrate attention to reproductive and sexual health with a focus on livelihood options, which aim to improve young people's capabilities, assets, and activities necessary for earning a living. Given the critical gap in assessment of the few such linked programs, ICRW undertook an 18-month analysis of these programs in India, Colombia, and Kenya. The goals of this…
This report provides new insights about the complexity of addressing men's and women's needs in an equitable fashion. It underlines the importance of having well organized reproductive health services that integrate family planning with sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention programmes, including HIV/AIDS. It proposes programme directions, suggests programme indicators, discusses programming considerations, and informs about innovative…
The International Community of Women living with HIV/AIDS (ICW) developed a project encouraging HIV positive women in Zimbabwe to share and document their own experiences of living with HIV, particularly in relation to their sexual and reproductive health and needs. Documentation of these experiences are intended as an advocacy tool for changes in policies and practices that would improve the reproductive and sexual health choices available…
This document is a product of the meeting on power in sexual relationships, convened in Washington, DC, l-2 March 2001, and was a joint effort of the Population Council's New York and DC offices and the USAID Interagency Gender Working Group's Men and Reproductive Health Sub-committee. Eight previously conducted field-based interventions have provided valuable information and an overwhelming message highlighted in the dialogue: - many men and…
Human rights have been central to the international community's response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic. This approach initially emphasized the inclusion of, and non-discrimination against, particular risk groups. However, as the epicenter of the epidemic has moved from the first to the third world and from (gay white) men to (poor black) women, the rights emphasis has begun to shift from a focus on individual rights of privacy and non-…
The expert group meeting in 2000 reviewed the topics of HIV/AIDS, gender, human rights and human security and their inter-linkages. The meeting discussed the basic rights to be addressed in this context and adopted a number or recommendations for immediate action and specific recommendations addressing particular actors and areas of concern. This document is a summary of key issues involved in promoting human security and human rights in…
This collection of documents consists of a three part series that addresses three different topics related to HIV/AIDS. The initial document consists of the introduction and the existing research framework. The first section, on young people and risk-taking in sexual relations, consists of a set of studies that presents a comparative analysis of data collected in Africa, Asia and the Americas. This is followed by a comparative analysis of data…
This report focuses on the challenges in the protection of those involved in sex work and discusses the key elements of various interventions. It explores the many issues involved in providing care and support for sex workers, preventing entry into sex work, and reducing risk and vulnerability through programmes at the individual, community and government levels. It addresses successful HIV/AIDS prevention and care strategies and outlines…
This report focuses on one crucial aspect of adolescent reproductive rights in Zimbabwe: the right to access dual protection methods and information. The "right to access dual protection methods and information" is a component of a broader set of internationally recognized reproductive rights, including the fundamental rights to reproductive self-determination, to non-discrimination, and to reproductive health care. The report documents legal,…
A microbicide, a product used vaginally to prevent infection, would offer the potential for women to protect themselves and their sexual partners from HIV and other STIs. This document presents the case for microbicides by discussing recent progress and developments, and notes outstanding challenges and the action required to accelerate research and development and to ensure that products will be made available to those who most need them.
Approximately one year after the start of the female condom social marketing program in Zimbabwe, the Horizons Project and Population Services International conducted a descriptive, cross-sectional study of female condom users, male condom users, and non-users of either barrier method. The goal of this research was to increase understanding of the patterns and dynamics of female condom use in order to inform policymakers and program…