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This guidebook aims to inform health policy makers and program planners on how to establish PrEP as an effective prevention method for adolescent girls and young women. This includes addressing the delivery platforms, marketing, regulations, demand, and use of PreP for this population.
The Meri Life, Meri Choice project was developed to reduce HIV vulnerabilities of rural adolescent girls and young women in India. This was done through providing socially disadvantaged, out-of-school girls with knowledge around sexual and reproductive health, increasing their utilization of sexual health services, creating a supportive environment to reduce vulnerabilities. The Population Council evaluated the acceptability, feasibility, and…
This formative research report aimed to generate ideas for programs and services to support adolescent girls living with HIV in Zambia in transition to adulthood. The findings and recommendations are reported by ecological levels: individual, interpersonal, and organizational.
This extensive toolkit developed by EngenderHealth after conducting a needs assessment of program staff working in local and district levels in South Africa. The assessment revealed that levels of training varied among staff members and training opportunities were rare. There were large gaps in the knowledge around gender and youth in relation to HIV, which is why this training module was developed. There are 8 modules which provide training…
In Southern Africa, adolescent girls and young women (ages 15-24) make up a disproportionate number of new HIV infections compared to their male peers. In order to become AIDS-free, it is critical to prevent new infections in this key population. This study explores biological and social vulnerabilities young women face in relation to HIV, including engagement in transactional sex, limited education, and amplified effects of transmission. This…
This review analyzed 150 studies of HIV programming for adolescent girls from 2001-2013. The objective was to use these evaluations to make suggestions around creating enabling environments for girls, increasing information and service needs, and providing social support. Areas with little evidence-based programming are also discussed, as well as how to move forward in developing strong frameworks to address the needs of adolescent girls through…
Although the HIV epidemic in Ethiopia has declined tremendously, the most vulnerable populations of young people still affected are adolescent girls and young women, specifically, married girls living in urban slums. This report focuses on three programs in Ethiopia that engage girls and aim to reduce their risk of infection through mentorship, education, engagement of men, and links to health services.
The 2014 UNAIDS Report highlights the gender-based discrimination adolescent girls and young women face worldwide in relation to HIV. It uses population-level data to discuss issues of gender-based violence, lack of access to education and health services, and legal barriers which often lead to increased vulnerabilities of HIV infection.
The International Center for Research on Women’s report, “More Power to Her: How Empowering Girls Can Help End Child Marriage", shows how and why investing in girls is critical to the global movement to end child marriage. The practice, which cuts across global cultures and religions, turns more than 14 million girls worldwide into child brides every year, violating their basic human rights – and hindering larger international development…
A new report issued by UNICEF, presents strategies for preventing and responding to violence in the lives of children. The scope of this review includes interventions that address interpersonal violence (emotional, physical and sexual) against children at home, school, work, the community at large and social spaces created by mobile and online technology. It highlights the IMAGE and Stepping Stones programmes as examples of effective…
Many adolescents and young women in Zambia are faced with economic and social barriers, lack of access to health care, and gender-based violence which increase their risk for unwanted pregnancy, HIV, and school drop outs. The AGEP curriculum was developed to teach girls to build strong support networks, increase knowledge around reproductive health, and develop their decision-making and negotiation skills. This low-resource manual provides…
The sixth edition of the Children and AIDS Stocktaking Report examines the progress being made and continuing challenges in the response to HIV and AIDS for children in low- and middle-income countries. This report is part of the series first launched in 2005, with data and analysis on the response to HIV and AIDS among children in low-and middle-income countries. Based on 2012 country data, the report notes great progress in preventing mother…
This paper discusses the links between education, gender equality, HIV prevention, and sexual and reproductive health. It acknowledges that these connections are widely recognized and utilized in public health programming, but that there is also a need for more combined efforts to design programs to ensure these links better reinforce one another and work more effectively to create an enabling environment for girls to prosper.
This paper addresses the urgent need to rebalance HIV investments between treatment and prevention and to develop evidence-based approaches for protecting the large and vulnerable populations of adolescent girls who remain at risk of HIV. This paper outlines a stepwise engagement process for improving girls’ lives and reducing their HIV risk.
This background paper explores the situation for young women in Kenya, where they are four times more likely to contract HIV than young men. The author points to multi-sectoral policy interventions as necessary to better protect young women and to create an enabling environment where they can make healthier sexual decisions.
This paper provides a summary of the evidence at a global level on who is missing out on programming to achieve an "AIDS-free generation." In addition, the article provides evidence-based interventions which may be implemented to improve both HIV and equity outcomes. The paper raises and explains three key issues and goals: eliminating new HIV infections in children and keeping families healthy; preventing HIV infections among adolescents and…
The International Center for Research on Women (ICRW) developed a participatory research action project in Tanzania to understand and address HIV-risk among adolescent girls and young women. The program centered around a life-skills manual, teaching girls about their rights, roles in society, and how to address their needs within their communities. This report goes into detail about the rigorous research methods used for monitoring and…
Poverty, Gender, and Youth: First Generation of Gender and HIV Programs: Seeking Clarity and Synergy
As the recognition towards the disproportionate female-to-male infection ratio is being recognized, more programs around gender and HIV are being developed. However, this paper argues that many of these programs do not have specific target audiences, content, or evaluation plans. This paper reviews 63 well-known HIV and Gender programs and evaluates their attribution to gender inequities, selected target populations, measurement of results, and…
This newly released report, published by UNICEF with UNAIDS, UNESCO, UNFPA, ILO, WHO and the World Bank, describes the state of the epidemic in young people, the evidence for effective responses that address behavioural, social and structural challenges and prevent new HIV infections in young people. Country-specific data is shared.
This booklet responds to relevant, often sensitive questions asked by young women living with HIV. It provides factual and helpful information on how to maintain healthy relationships, practice safe sex, prepare for pregnancy, and seek support networks.