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This project brief looks at a pilot project conducted by the ACQUIRE Project to integrate family planning within HIV care and treatment services. ACQUIRE worked with The AIDS Support Organization (TASO) in Uganda to implement a number of strategies, such as:* Determining the fertility desires and reproductive health issues of HIV-positive women and couples, including how women accessing HIV care and treatment service met their family planning…
This conference room paper provided as a reference document at the 20th Meeting of the UNAIDS Programme Coordinating Board discussion of policy guidance to address gender issues presents the preliminary findings of a review of progress in strengthening national AIDS programmes for women and girls in the nine countries that participated in the United Nations Secretary-General's Task Force on Women, Girls and HIV/AIDS in Southern Africa.
This study assesses the potential roles of late age at marriage and a long period of premarital sexual activity as population risk factors for HIV infection in the sub-Saharan Africa region. The relationship between marital status and the prevalence and incidence of HIV is examined with ecological data from 33 sub-Saharan African countries and with individual-level data from nationally representative Demographic and Health Surveys in Kenya…
Small fishing and farming villages dot the rural landscape along the Indian Ocean on Tanzania's northern coast. Local men have fished for subsistence in this area for generations, while women have traditionally managed households and acted as primary caregivers.
This paper examines poverty and social structures that may keep many women in Africa from being able to protect themselves from HIV.
This report examines the use of sexual violence in the conflict in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), and demonstrates how women and girls in the DRC have been exploited as producers and reproducers both in order to maintain fighters and ensure their day-to-day survival as well as to provide them with sexual services. The authors conclude that rape in conflict in the DRC was a coordinated tool used to degrade enemies and rip apart societies…
This toolkit is a demonstration of the importance National AIDS Control Council (NACC) places on taking on board gender issues in HIV and AIDS in prevention, care, mitigation of social impacts on families, human rights and economic impact of the scourge on the country's economy. The toolkit offers an opportunity to policy and senior level decision makers to be exposed to gender issues in HIV and AIDS, thus enabling them to address the same in…
This Report was commissioned by the United Nations Secretary General, Kofi Annan. Under the leadership of Ms Carol Bellamy, Executive Director of UNICEF, the Task Force on Women and Girls in Southern Africa comprises twenty seven members from Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, South Africa, Swaziland, Zambia and Zimbabwe. The members represent a broad spectrum of stakeholders including government, NGOs and people living with HIV and AIDS.…
This publication highlights successful initiatives in Africa that have inspired confidence that the continent can one day free itself of the virus, with or without a vaccine or medical cure. The report summarizes the challenges facing Africa and the wider international community as new resources are channeled into more effective efforts to confront HIV/AIDS on the continent. Three major challenges receive detailed attention: (1). The need…
In Zambia, as in other countries in the region, tens of thousands of girls--many orphaned by AIDS or otherwise without parental care--suffer in silence as the government fails to provide basic protections from sexual assault that would lessen their vulnerability to HIV/AIDS. Through girls' own testimonies, this report shows sexual assault of girls in Zambia in the era of HIV/AIDS to be widespread and complex. It documents several categories of…
This literature review assesses the extent of sexual relations between adolescent girls and older male partners (cross-generational sex) in sub-Saharan Africa, the extent of transactional sex, and the behavioral dynamics of girls and men involved in these sexual relations. The underlying assumption is supported by empirical study. The study intends to increase understanding of the dynamics and risks involved in these relationships and to apply…
Using feminist theory and comparative analysis, this thesis investigates why women in sub-Saharan Africa are more vulnerable to HIV/AIDS than men. Through two case studies -- one on Uganda where the HIV prevalence rate has dropped considerably in recent years, and one on Botswana, where the HIV prevalence rate has drastically increased in recent years - this document focuses on women's vulnerability to HIV, how vulnerability can be…
This report is envisaged as a tool to stimulate common understanding of the nature and dimensions of HIV/AIDS advocacy, and as a framework for joint action by UNFPA/UNAIDS and their partners at the international, regional, sub-regional and national levels. It can also be the basis for building consensus about priority advocacy activities in the light of the realities of HIV/AIDS challenges and necessary responses in particular settings. The…
This report discusses the gender dimensions of the impact of HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa, with a particular focus on Uganda and some reference to Malawi. The primary focus of this report is the heterosexual transmission of HIV and its prevention, raising issues of gender and sexuality. The report provides an overview of the social epidemiology of HIV/AIDS in Uganda and Malawi, discusses gender issues in vulnerability to HIV infection,…