This report discusses the gender dimensions of the impact of HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa, with a particular focus on Uganda and some reference to Malawi. The primary focus of this report is the heterosexual transmission of HIV and its prevention, raising issues of gender and sexuality. The report provides an overview of the social epidemiology of HIV/AIDS in Uganda and Malawi, discusses gender issues in vulnerability to HIV infection, analyzes prevention and control strategies and their gender implications, and discusses gender dimensions of care strategies in the countries concerned.