While there is emerging literature on the gender-related needs of MARPs, how programs are addressing these needs or integrating gender strategies into their activities is not well documented or disseminated. AIDSTAR-One developed nine case studies that expand on a former technical brief, providing an in-depth look at HIV programs working with and for MARPs in South and Southeast Asia, Eastern Europe, Latin America, and the Middle East. The specific objectives of these case studies are to: 1) Identify programs in countries with concentrated epidemics that address one or more of the five PEPFAR gender strategies as they intersect with HIV prevention, care, and treatment programs for MARPs; 2) Describe and analyze these programs to build a knowledge base for innovative strategies for integrating the PEPFAR gender strategies into MARPs programs; and 3) Draft evidence-based recommendations for program managers on how to develop, implement, and evaluate the effect of PEPFAR gender strategies in MARPs programs. This report includes findings and recommendations that apply across all nine case studies.