This report from the United Nations University International Institute for Global Health reviews evidence from low- and middle-income countries on interventions addressing gender inequalities linked to HIV, tuberculosis, and malaria. It finds that the most effective and sustained results come from multi-component approaches that combine HIV services with efforts to transform harmful gender norms, strengthen economic empowerment, expand social support, and address structural inequalities. The report shows that HIV outcomes are closely tied to broader gender dynamics and highlights how gender-transformative interventions can improve health outcomes, advance equality, identify evidence gaps, and inform more effective and equitable HIV programmes.