The world faces enormous challenges in the global health arena, many of which have a disproportionate impact on women and girls. Many key global health priorities revolve in fundamental ways around the gender-related barriers that women and girls face in accessing health-related information, services, and resources, all of which increase their vulnerability to ill health. For success and sustainability, the United States should anchor its global health strategy in a firm commitment to address the gender disparities that affect global health outcomes.