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FOUND 31
HIV self-testing (HIVST) allows people to test in private. It is part of national policy in some countries including Kenya, with others considering introduction. In 2011, two pilot studies were conducted providing HIVST to health-workers in Kenya, and to community members in Malawi. This Report is based on the first global HIVST consultation (2013) to discuss legal, ethical, gender, human rights and public health implications of HIVST scale-up.…
This tool, developed in collaboration between WHO, the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) and the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida) is designed to support countries to strengthen national health strategies. The tool poses critical questions to identify gaps and opportunities in the review or reform of health sector strategies. Analysis tables include critical questions rooted in international…
This briefing paper takes an in-depth look at the standards developed by six UN "treaty monitoring bodies," or committees, in the area of HIV/AIDS and other STIs. Following a brief overview of the origin and work of the committees, this paper reviews standards each body has adopted as it has monitored governments' compliance with their duties under international human rights law, including references to gender. In repeated statements, these…
To understand the role of women’s property rights in mitigating the effects of HIV and violence, ICRW conducted research in South Africa and Uganda. They used qualitative research to explore linkages between women’s experience with land ownership, HIV, and domestic violence. This paper shares the findings from both studies, comparing similarities and difference between the two.
The International Center for Research on Women (ICRW) conducted research to understand efforts to promote women’ s property rights in response to HIV. This paper includes input from UNDP regarding pathways to ensure property rights for women as a measure of security towards the impact of HIV/AIDS.
One aspect of reducing women’s vulnerability to HIV is to ensure their property and inheritance rights. This is often difficult as there are many preconceived social norms, which restrict women from owning land. In this paper, ICRW suggests ways in which women’s rights to property can be encouraged and secured.
This article examines some of the reasons why women are vulnerable to HIV/AIDS. These reasons include: violations of their economic rights, violations of their political rights, and cultural beliefs, such as the cultural value placed on virginity, fertility and the subservience of women to men in marriage. The article also discusses the role of the international community in protecting women's rights with special attention paid to the UN…
One critical achievement of the UNGASS was the inclusion of some language within the Declaration promoting the health and rights of women and girls in the context of HIV/AIDS. The paper argues that although the Declaration fails to explicitly address the broader concept of reproductive rights or the need for governments to provide comprehensive reproductive health care services, the Declaration makes clear the inextricable link between gender…
This publication contributes to understanding how the world's foremost blueprint for women's human rights can be put to work to address the HIV/AIDS epidemic from a gender perspective. The publication discusses different aspects of the pandemic for which CEDAW has special relevance, such as gender-based violence and sexual exploitation, access to health services, gender inequality and safer sex, and issues of care and care-giving. The book also…
This is a discussion paper prepared for the Satellite Symposium, "Putting Third First - Critical Legal Issues and HIV/AIDS". The paper makes a fundamental assumption that if efforts to change sexual behaviour is at the core of reducing HIV infection and if efforts to change sexual behaviour require changes in the social and economic power relations in society, then our ability to address the HIV/AIDS epidemic is inextricably linked to our…
Human rights have been central to the international community's response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic. This approach initially emphasized the inclusion of, and non-discrimination against, particular risk groups. However, as the epicenter of the epidemic has moved from the first to the third world and from (gay white) men to (poor black) women, the rights emphasis has begun to shift from a focus on individual rights of privacy and non-…