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FOUND 16
This journal article uses the It’s All One curriculum by Population Council as an example for how critical it is for programs to incorporate gender norms and human rights into their approach. Field experiences from the curriculum are shared and suggestions that an empowerment and human rights approach is most effective in teaching young people about sexual health and HIV prevention.
This paper is based on UNESCO's July 2013 workshop in Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania to address the linkages between gender-based violence and HIV/AIDS in the Great Lakes region, with particular attention to situations of conflict and post-conflict. It aims to provide concrete policy recommendations for integrating national responses to both pandemics. It includes reference to five country based reports that had been undertaken with the aim of…
This paper uses research conducted in Burundi from 2007-08 to look at post-conflict effects from the civil war which began in the 1990’s. The analysis finds that the relationship between conflict and HIV is a function of existing gender norms that becomes amplified during periods of armed conflict.
The 2010 Forced Migration Review is a compilation of various topics addressing the linkages between HIV and conflict. Articles which look into the gendered aspects of HIV and conflict are: ‘Gendered Violence and HIV in Burundi’ (pg. 18), ‘Understanding Sexual Violence, HIV/AIDS, and Conflict’ (pg. 22), and ‘Addressing HIV and Sex Work’ (pg. 25).
This paper discusses the gender and sexual dimensions of two civil wars, in Liberia and Sierra Leone. It examines the linkages between conflict, violence against women, and risk of exposure to HIV. It uses gendered analysis to also look at post-conflict transitions in Africa.
This Report provides new evidence and offers recommendations for actions on the links between security, conflict, peacebuilding and HIV. Particular attention is paid to, inter alia, the link between violence against women, forced sex and the increased risk of HIV and the role that laws and law enforcement practices play in criminalizing the acts and activities of those groups who are habitually more vulnerable to the exposure of HIV. Findings…
This Forced Migration Review compilation focuses on the issue of sexual violence in conflict and post-conflict settings. It provides appalling data on the magnitude of sexual violence occurring in various conflict areas, and the increased vulnerabilities women and girls face due to sexual violence. Although the connection between sexual violence, conflict, and HIV is made throughout the issue, there is an article entitled “Sexual Violence and…
This paper prepared for the September 2006 Expert Group Meeting on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination and Violence Against the Girl Child outlines the abuses against girl's human rights in situations of armed conflict and suggests ways to prevent and address them. The analysis section includes a section on girls and the spread of HIV/AIDS and notes best practices by UNICEF in Afghanistan and Eritrea.
This publication highlights the urgent need to identify, test and implement effective strategies that address violence against women in conflict settings. Included in these strategies is the need to integrate programmes that address violence against women, HIV prevention and AIDS treatment and care in conflict settings. The challenges of doing this are enormous, as immediate needs for food, shelter and security often take precedence over other…
Researched in the course of a year across 11 of Rwanda's 12 provinces, this study is intended as a contribution to the many ongoing efforts to improve responses to rape, HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). It addresses an issue confronting all post-conflict and conflict-ridden societies. In accounts of rape during the 1994 genocide and their experiences since, 185 Rwandese and 16 Burundian citizens, two of them male, reach…
In April 1994, Rwanda suffered one hundred days of violence, targeted at the Tutsi and moderate Hutu population. Ten years later, the consequences of the violence have not been dealt with adequately, neither by the international community nor by the Rwandan government. Survivors of violence still cry out for medical care; survivors and families of victims clamour for justice that is slow in coming. Women continue to die from diseases related to…
The voices of women, their experiences during war and their struggles to build peace are at the heart of this report by independent experts Elisabeth Rehn (Finland) and Ellen Johnson Sirleaf (Liberia). Because of the specific way in which women are targeted during conflict, and because Security Council Resolution 1325 (2000) on women, peace and security called for further study, UNIFEM appointed the two women, both politicians and…
Human security presumes freedom from want and from fear, as well as access to and control of resources and opportunities. The basic elements of human security include survival, safety, opportunity, dignity, agency and autonomy. These preconditions for human security are essential in reducing vulnerability to HIV infection and its impact. However, gender differences and inequalities affect the extent to which men and women, boys and girls…
FAS organized a workshop on the theme "Linking AIDS to Women's Peace Advocacy" from April 3-7, 2000. The workshop took place at the OAU Conflict Management Center in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. It drew together women from Africa to consider the issues of gender and HIV/AIDS in peace advocacy in the continent. The publication explores the nature of the epidemic and the lessons that can be learned from the workshop.
The scale of the HIV/AIDS epidemic led the United Nations Security Council to make a historical move in 2002 by adopting a resolution, which not only addresses a health issue for the first time, but specifically links the spread of HIV/AIDS to the maintenance of global peace and security. This document addresses (1) the ways in which HIV/AIDS threatens human security, (2) the negative synergy between HIV/AIDS and poverty, HIV/AIDS and…
The 1994 Genocide in Rwanda resulted in a number of women contracting HIV/AIDS, which subsequently has serious implications on human security and on the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) justice process. This document traces the impact of ICTR on the lives of women who were victims of rape and violence, and highlights the definition of rape, defined for the first time in international law, as a component of genocide. The…