The study on the Socio-Economic Impact of HIV and AIDS was conducted in the six high prevalence states of India. The study was aimed to assess the impact of HIV and AIDS on households and make projections at the macro and sectoral level. This report displays the adverse impact of HIV and AIDS on women and female children and highlights the heavy burden of care, domestic work and economic responsibilities on women in the HIV households and the role of women as caregivers. The report focuses on the gender differences in the health-seeking behaviour and out-of-pocket expenditure incurred by the HIV households on the treatment of opportunistic infections (OIs) and the gender gaps in the education of children from the HIV affected households.