This report presents the key issues facing older women and men affected by HIV/AIDS in Tanzania, including their role in providing care and support to their sons and daughters living with HIV/AIDS and to their grandchildren. It draws on participatory research with older people, community leaders, government officials and young people in five regions of Tanzania. The report includes recommendations to help policy makers, programme planners and communities in Tanzania respond to and support the needs and contributions of older women and men in the fight against HIV/AIDS.