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FOUND 627
Given the impact of gender inequality on the sexual and reproductive health of women and girls and the health of women and their children, UN Women developed a programming guide “Promoting Gender Equality in Sexual, Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health” that provides practical guidance and tools to understand the influence of gender inequality on sexual, reproductive, maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health (…
The gender assessment tool for national HIV responses (GAT) is intended to assist countries in assessing the HIV epidemic, context and response from a gender perspective and in making the responses gender transformative, equitable and rights based. The GAT is designed to support the development or review of national strategic plans and to inform submissions to country investment cases and the Global Fund.
In sub-Saharan Africa, adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) account for 74% of new HIV infections among people aged 15-24.1 This is roughly 360,000 AGYW a year – about 1,000 AGYW per day. AGYW experience converging social, cultural, economic, and political factors that undermine their sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR), which makes them vulnerable to HIV infection. In South Africa alone, about 102,000 new HIV infections occur…
Adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) are disproportionately affected by HIV, and can face barriers to access, uptake and use of HIV prevention methods. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a new, effective, individually-controlled HIV prevention tool that could benefit some AGYW. This study used qualitative, participatory, peer-led methods to explore the knowledge, views and preferences of AGYW about PrEP, HIV prevention, and sexual and…
Despite substantial declines in the number of new HIV infections globally, the HIV/AIDS epidemic among females ages 15-24 in select countries remains uncontrolled, with 67 percent of new infections in young people in sub-Saharan Africa occurring in adolescent girls and young women, or an estimated 280,000 new infections annually. HIV prevalence rates among female youth ages 15-24 are consistently higher than among their male peers, with…
Despite a recent fall in new infections, South Africa still has the largest HIV epidemic in the world and has not achieved the 50% reduction envisaged in its national strategic plan for 2012-16. Adolescent girls and young women are disproportionately affected by HIV, with prevalence among 20-24 year olds three times higher in women (16%) than in men (5%), and females aged 15-24 years accounting for 37% of new infections. Amid the competing…
The HIV/AIDS community is paying increasing attention to the estimated 1.8 million (uncertainty bounds 1.3 million to 2.4 million) people younger than 15 years living with HIV globally, as was evident by the focus on adolescents at the XXII International AIDS Conference in July, 2018. This attention is welcome and it is crucial to curtailing the HIV epidemic. But while age disaggregation can help elucidate the spread and impacts of the HIV…
Epidemics of HIV and HPV are inherently interconnected, and when they meet in the context of weak health systems, their effects serve to amplify each other. Both HIV and cervical cancer present significant public health threats to women in sub-Saharan Africa. But while the threat of HIV is well documented, and the mass mobilisation of resources to treat HIV, unprecedented, cervical cancer is a relatively new and developing challenge for the…
What Women Want is a global advocacy campaign to improve quality maternal and reproductive healthcare for women and girls and strengthen health systems. Launched on April 11, 2018—International Maternal Health and Rights Day—What Women Want sets out to query one million women and girls worldwide—from capital cities to rural villages—about their top priority for quality maternal and reproductive health services until the end of March 2019.
Since its announcement, Undetectable equals Untransmittable (U=U) has become a call to action to assert that when someone living with HIV has an undetectable viral load they cannot transmit HIV. Additionally, the U=U message is evolving to challenge notions of HIV infectivity, vulnerability and stigma. The science behind the U=U message provides the evidence that we can reduce the anxiety related to the sexual transmission of the HIV virus with…
This Comment was written by women living with HIV previously involved in a global values and preferences survey on the sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) priorities of women living with HIV in response to the Lancet Global Health's article on "Investing in sexual and reproductive health and rights to reach HIV and universal health coverage goals." It builds on key points highlighted in their survey, Building a Safe House on Firm…
Gendered power dynamics within couple relationships can constrain women from achieving positive sexual and reproductive health outcomes. But little is known about relationship power among adolescents, and tools to measure it are rarely validated among adolescents. We tested the Sexual Relationship Power Scale (SRPS) among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) and examined associations with select health outcomes. A 16-item adaptation of the…
The sustainable development goals (SDGs) have marked a new era in global development-to strive towards a healthier, fairer, and safer world by 2030. Improving the health and well-being of the world’s people is at the core of the SDGs and attaining universal health coverage is central to those health-related goals. But even in the short time since their endorsement, there are immense and growing challenges to achieving them. The global HIV/AIDS…
Investing in sexual and reproductive health and rights of women and girls to reach HIV and UHC goals
Huge gaps in access to basic sexual and reproductive health services, pose serious challenges to achieving universal health coverage (UHC) by 2030. These gaps in access are heightened by reduced financing for international development and highlight the importance and urgency of strengthening linkages between HIV and sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) programmes. This article highlights three key strategies to address these gaps,…
Ending the AIDS epidemic among children, adolescents and young women requires ambitious targets and a Super-Fast-Track approach. Building on the successes of the Global Plan towards the elimination of new HIV infections among children by 2015 and keeping their mothers alive, UNAIDS, the United States President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) and partners launched Start Free Stay Free AIDS Free in 2016 to provide a framework for the…
This toolkit provides a framework for accountability in action, to put women and girls in all of their diversity at the center and to bring a feminist, gender transformative lens across policy development, program implementation, research, strategies, and initiatives. Throughout, it offers examples of effective ways to inform, engage, and foster leadership among women, including young women and adolescent girls, and provide ideas for everyone to…
Despite great progress made against HIV globally, the gains are not shared equally. The numbers are staggering. They show that teen girls and young women bear a greater risk than their male peers. Only by understanding the magnitude of the problem facing adolescent girls and young women can we accelerate the end of HIV as an epidemic. As a response, The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria has launched the 'HER' Initiative, which…
In 2016, an estimated 1.5 million adolescent girls and young women were living with HIV infection in Eastern and Southern Africa, where HIV prevalence among adolescent girls and young women is more than twice that of their male peers. In this report, analysis of data from Population-based HIV Impact Assessment surveys conducted during 2015–2017 in seven countries in Eastern and Southern Africa found that the prevalence of HIV infection among…
Comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) plays a central role in the preparation of young people for a safe, productive, fulfilling life in a world where HIV and AIDS, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), unintended pregnancies, gender-based violence (GBV) and gender inequality still pose serious risks to their well-being. However, despite clear and compelling evidence for the benefits of high-quality, curriculum-based CSE, few children and…
Incorporating gender analysis into the rapidly developing scholarship on drug use, drug trade, drug science, drug treatment, and drug policy in the United States, the special issue showcases articles that are part of a vibrant body of historical, sociological, and anthropological scholarship. The differential effects of drug policy are explored, focusing on how gender – in dynamic relationship to race, class, and sexuality – is integral to…