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Tool
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FOUND 627
The purpose of the matrix is to provide youth-serving organizations with a guide of topics on family planning, HIV/AIDS, sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and gender; segmenting them by age and marital status. The matrix can assist technical experts, program managers, health providers, peer educators and others to determine what topics and interventions best fit into their own respective programs while taking cultural paradigms into…
This briefing paper is about powerful institutions' neglect of duty by not providing leadership on female condoms, and failing to meet women's needs and demands for them with a consistent and proportionate effort to make them accessible and affordable. It concerns the ignorance, denial, and bias of the powerful, at the expense of the rights of women.
This report vividly illustrates the failure of the Kenyan government to care for women living with HIV. At healthcare centers across Kenya, these women encounter physical and verbal abuse and are subject to discriminatory standards of care. They often cannot access antiretroviral treatment and their rights to informed consent and confidentiality are frequently violated during HIV testing and treatment. The publication calls on the Kenyan…
This research article describes the results of an analysis of the 2003 Nigerian Demographic and Health Survey to examine factors associated with extra-marital sex among women in Nigeria and investigate how much variation in reported extra-marital sex can be attributed to individual and community-level factors.
This paper summarizes the results from an experiment conducted with unmarried young women aged 15-21 in rural southern Malawi, during which respondents were randomly assigned to either an audio computer-assisted self-interview or a conventional face-to-face interview. In addition, biomarkers were collected for HIV and three STIs: gonorrhea, chlamydia, and trichomoniasis. Before collecting the biomarkers, nurses conducted a brief face-to-…
This guide discusses the challenges involved in ensuring that violence is addressed in HIV programmes and gives a detailed understanding of violence in relation to sex work and challenges some common assumptions. The guide also provides examples from real programmes that illustrate ways in which HIV and AIDS projects can help reduce the incidence of violence against sex workers and provide support to those who experience violence. This guide is…
Testing pregnant women in labor for HIV and counseling them is a challenge, particularly where resources are limited. This article describes a research study on the feasibility and impact of introducing round-the-clock, rapid HIV testing and counseling in a busy labor ward in a rural teaching hospital in Sevagram, India.
This is a fact sheet on AIDS among women in the U.S. It provides a breakdown of rates of infection among specific populations and regions and explores why women are particularly vulnerable to HIV/AIDS. Also available in Spanish.
This Horizons report describes the findings of a study to estimate HIV and syphilis prevalence among female sex workers (FSW) and MSM in Ciudad del Este, Paraguay; examine knowledge, attitudes, and risk behaviors related to HIV and STIs; and describe the contextual and behavioral factors influencing HIV and STI transmission among MSM and FSWs in Ciudad del Este.
This briefing report describes how older people, particularly grandmothers, carry most of the emotional and financial burden as carers. Yet, their vital role is going unrecognized. This report calls for a major shift in the response to HIV/AIDS.
To understand the role of women’s property rights in mitigating the effects of HIV and violence, ICRW conducted research in South Africa and Uganda. They used qualitative research to explore linkages between women’s experience with land ownership, HIV, and domestic violence. This paper shares the findings from both studies, comparing similarities and difference between the two.
The International Center for Research on Women (ICRW) conducted research to understand efforts to promote women’ s property rights in response to HIV. This paper includes input from UNDP regarding pathways to ensure property rights for women as a measure of security towards the impact of HIV/AIDS.
This Forced Migration Review compilation focuses on the issue of sexual violence in conflict and post-conflict settings. It provides appalling data on the magnitude of sexual violence occurring in various conflict areas, and the increased vulnerabilities women and girls face due to sexual violence. Although the connection between sexual violence, conflict, and HIV is made throughout the issue, there is an article entitled “Sexual Violence and…
One aspect of reducing women’s vulnerability to HIV is to ensure their property and inheritance rights. This is often difficult as there are many preconceived social norms, which restrict women from owning land. In this paper, ICRW suggests ways in which women’s rights to property can be encouraged and secured.
UNFPA’s Advocacy Guide focuses on three effective responses to HIV prevention: improving access to sexual and reproductive health services, expanding socio-economic opportunities, and ending child marriage. Based on these goals, ten advocacy messages were developed and the report details the rationale behind them, global examples, and ways to address the issues politically and programmatically.
This review assesses the effectiveness of programme interventions seeking to engage men and boys in achieving gender equality and equity in health. Research with men and boys has shown how inequitable gender norms - social expectations of what men and boys should and should not do - influence how men interact with their partners, families and children on a wide range of issues. These include preventing the transmission of HIV and sexually…
Deeply entrenched gender inequities perpetuate the HIV/AIDS pandemic in Botswana and Swaziland, the two countries with the highest HIV prevalence in the world. The legal systems in both countries grant women lesser status than men, restricting property, inheritance, and other rights. Social, economic, and cultural practices create, enforce and perpetuate legalized gender inequalities and discrimination in all aspects of women's lives. Neither…
The paper focuses in particular on southern and eastern Africa, where prevalence rates of HIV AIDs are highest and where concerted efforts are being made to address young women in terms of prevention. It also looks more particularly at the role of microfinance, as this is often the only potential source of income for poor young women and adolescent girls. Vocational training is also reviewed. The impact of formal employment or paid work in the…
This report summarizes the findings of a technical meeting convened by FAO to discuss issues pertaining to gender, property rights, and livelihoods in the era of AIDS. A small group of partners from the UN, NGOs and research institutions addressed the following areas; all of which are discussed in further detail throughout this publication: 1) understanding property rights in the era of AIDS, with some key research findings from regional and…
While acknowledging the significant overall progress made by the Zambian government in scaling up HIV treatment generally, this report documents how the government has fallen short of its international legal obligations to combat violence and discrimination against women. The report details abuses that obstruct women’s ability to start and adhere to HIV treatment regimens, including violence against women and insecure property rights that often…