This thematic paper criticizes the continuing tendency of development partners and governments to address the MDGs – particularly MDGs 3, 5 and 6 – as separate entities requiring distinct interventions. The paper cites evidence showing that integrating sexual and reproductive health with human rights is the most effective way to address and fulfill the needs and rights of all populations. They conclude that efforts to address MDGs 3, 5 and 6 must adopt an integrated and comprehensive approach that takes into account factors such as gender inequalities, the implications of diverse sexual preferences and identities, as well as economic, legal and political contexts.