This report highlights the critical importance of ensuring that gender equality and women’s empowerment are central to the aid effectiveness agenda and attempts to identify the extent to which HIV funding is contributing to an environment that supports gender equality and promotes women’s rights. It includes an assessment of the effectiveness of current aid flows in combating inequality and violations of women’s rights that have contributed the feminization of the epidemic. Recommendations are provided for integrating gender equality into national development planning, implementation and budgeting, and strengthening indicators for monitoring and tracking progress to eliminate violence against women and improve their access to sexual and reproductive health rights in the context of HIV/AIDS.