This manual will assist AIDS Service Organizations and other groups and institutions responding to AIDS in Southern Africa to make their programmes more responsive to gender issues. The integration of gender concerns in the planning, implementation, and evaluation of programmes strengthens the effectiveness of the response to AIDS. The manual provides the conceptual basis and offers practical hints to facilitate effective integration of gender issues into policies and programmes. It offers knowledge, information, tools, and instruments that will be useful in the day-to-day work of ASOs. It discusses the relevance of considering gender issues at different programming levels and stages.